If you are submitting an article to Scientific Reports, AJE has a helpful tool for authors to get blogger.com AJE template below is designed to help you with preparing your article for submission. For more detailed information about Scientific Reports and its submission guidelines, please go to Paper Publications is one of the leading Indian organisations for publication of research papers. It is confluence of well renowned scientists, emeritus professors, research professors, academicians, and industry consultants for widest dissemination of knowledge throughout the globe Scientific writing in English started in the 14th century. The Royal Society established good practice for scientific writing. Founder member Thomas Sprat wrote on the importance of plain and accurate description rather than rhetorical flourishes in his History of the Royal Society of London. Robert Boyle emphasized the importance of not boring the reader with a dull, flat style
Article Writing Guide: Basic Steps to Effective Article Writing
When it comes to college students, the belief that more is better may underlie their widely-held view that laptops in the classroom enhance their academic performance. Laptops do in fact allow students to do more, like engage in online activities and demonstrations, collaborate more easily on papers and projects, access information from the internet, and take more notes. Indeed, scientific article writing services, because students can type significantly faster than they can writethose who use laptops in the classroom tend to take more notes than those who write out their notes by hand.
Moreover, when students take notes using laptops they tend to take notes verbatim, writing down every last word uttered by their professor. Obviously it is advantageous to draft more complete notes that precisely capture the course content and allow for a verbatim review of the material at a later date.
New research by Pam Mueller and Daniel Oppenheimer demonstrates that students who write out their notes on paper actually learn more. Across three experiments, Mueller and Oppenheimer had students take notes in a classroom setting and then tested students on their memory for factual detail, their conceptual understanding of the material, and their ability to synthesize and generalize the information. Half of the students were instructed to take notes with a laptop, and the other half were instructed to write the notes out by hand.
As in other studies, students who used laptops took scientific article writing services notes. In each study, scientific article writing services, however, those who wrote out their notes by hand had a stronger conceptual understanding and were more successful in applying and integrating the material than those who used took notes with their laptops.
What drives this paradoxical finding? Mueller and Oppenheimer postulate that taking notes by hand requires different types of cognitive processing than taking notes on a laptop, and scientific article writing services different processes have consequences for learning. Writing by hand is slower and more cumbersome than typing, and students cannot possibly write down every word in a lecture. Instead, they listen, digest, and summarize so that they can succinctly capture the essence of the information.
By contrast, when typing students can easily produce a written record of the lecture without processing its meaning, as faster typing speeds allow students to transcribe a lecture word for word without devoting much thought to the content.
To evaluate this theory, Mueller and Oppenheimer assessed the scientific article writing services of notes taken by hand versus laptop. Their studies included hundreds of students from Princeton and UCLA, and the lecture topics ranged from bats, bread, and algorithms to faith, respiration, and economics. Content analysis of the notes consistently showed that students who used laptops had more verbatim transcription of the lecture material than those who wrote notes by hand.
Moreover, high verbatim note content was associated with lower retention of the lecture material. It appears that students who use laptops can take notes in a fairly mindless, rote fashion, with little analysis or synthesis by the brain. This kind of shallow transcription fails to promote a meaningful understanding or application of the information.
If the source of the advantage for longhand notes scientific article writing services from the conceptual processes they evoke, perhaps instructing laptop users to draft summative rather than verbatim notes will boost performance. Mueller and Oppenheimer explored this idea by warning laptop note takers against the tendency to transcribe information without thinking, and explicitly instructed them to think about the information and type notes in their own words.
Despite these scientific article writing services, students using laptops showed the same level of verbatim content and were no better in synthesizing material than students who received no such warning. It is possible these direct instructions to improve the quality of laptop notes failed because it scientific article writing services so easy to rely on less demanding, mindless processes when typing.
In real classroom settings, however, students are often assessed days if not weeks after learning new material. Thus, although laptop users may not encode as much during the lecture and thus may be disadvantaged on immediate assessments, it seems reasonable to expect that the additional information they record will give them an advantage when reviewing material after a long delay. Wrong again. Mueller and Oppenheimer included a study in which participants were asked to take notes by hand or by laptop, and were told they would be tested on the material in scientific article writing services week.
When participants were given an opportunity to study with their notes before the final assessment, once again those who took longhand notes outperformed laptop participants. These findings hold important implications for students who use their laptops to access lecture outlines and notes that have been posted by professors before class. Because students can use these posted materials to access lecture content with a mere click, there is no need to organize, synthesize or summarize in their own words.
Indeed, students may take very minimal notes or not take notes at all, and may consequently forego the opportunity to engage in the mental work that supports learning. In the Mueller and Oppenheimer studies, all laptops were disconnected from the internet, thus eliminating any disruption from email, instant messaging, surfing, or other online distractions.
Technology offers innovative tools that are shaping educational experiences for students, often in positive and dynamic ways. The research by Mueller and Oppenheimer serves as a reminder, however, that even when technology allows us to do more in less time, it does not always foster learning. Learning involves more than the receipt and the regurgitation of information. If we want students to synthesize material, draw inferences, see new connections, evaluate evidence, and apply concepts in novel situations, scientific article writing services, we need to encourage the deep, scientific article writing services, effortful cognitive processes that underlie these abilities.
When it comes to taking notes, students need fewer gigs, more brain power. Are you a scientist who specializes in neuroscience, cognitive science, scientific article writing services, or psychology? And have you read a recent peer-reviewed paper that you would like to write about? Please send suggestions to Mind Matters editor Gareth Cooka Pulitzer prize-winning journalist and regular contributor to NewYorker. Gareth is also the series editor of Best American Infographicsand can be reached at garethideas AT gmail dot com or Twitter garethideas.
Cindi May is a Professor of Psychology at the College of Charleston. She explores mechanisms for optimizing cognitive function in college students, older adults, and individuals with intellectual disabilities.
Scientific article writing services is also the project director for a TPSID grant from the Department of Education, scientific article writing services, which promotes the inclusion of students with intellectual disabilities in postsecondary education.
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Improving Research Writing for Publication (Full Lecture)
, time: 48:20The Writing Center | Writing a Scientific Research Report (IMRaD) | Guides
If you are submitting an article to Scientific Reports, AJE has a helpful tool for authors to get blogger.com AJE template below is designed to help you with preparing your article for submission. For more detailed information about Scientific Reports and its submission guidelines, please go to Jun 03, · Scientific American is the essential guide to the most awe-inspiring advances in science and technology, explaining how they change our understanding of the world and shape our lives Mar 25, · The article structure should contain very specific sections, which might vary slightly according to different science disciplines. In scientific writing, the IMRAD structure (introduction, methods, results, and discussion) is a standard format adopted by a majority of academic journals. Although specific author guidelines might vary, in most
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